What component is located on the steering column and must be turned on to start the engine?

The component that is located on the steering column and must be turned on to start the engine is the ignition. The ignition system is essential for the proper functioning of a vehicle; when engaged, it powers the electrical components needed to start the engine. This process includes sending a signal to the starter motor to begin cranking the engine and enabling the fuel delivery system for combustion.

In most vehicles, the ignition is controlled by a key or a push-button system that allows the driver to start the engine. When the ignition is set to the 'on' position, it provides the voltage required for the ignition coils to produce a spark, which ignites the air-fuel mixture in the engine's cylinders.

Understanding the role of the ignition helps emphasize the importance of this component in vehicle operation and safety. The other options do not fit the description of a steering column component necessary for starting the engine. For example, a starter switch is part of the ignition system but is not specifically located on the steering column, and the fuel pump and battery switch have different functions that are not directly involved in igniting the engine.